learn about government policy and digital assets

U.S. Congressional Caucuses in the 117th Congress

• • Congressional Blockchain Caucus
  • Financial Innovation Caucus
  • Task Force on Financial Technology
  • The Reality Caucus

The following reports are published by the U.S. government as well as the private sector.

New:

• • Bank Capital Requirements: A Primer and
    Policy Issues – 3/9/23 – Congressional Research Service (CRS)
  • Capital Markets: Overview and Selected Policy Issues in the 118th Congress – 2/17/23 – Congressional Research Service (CRS)
  • Cryptocurrency: Selected Policy Issues (PDF)” – 2/15/23 – CRS
  • Crypto and Banking (PDF) – 2/6/23 – CRS

Blockchain Technologies

• • Blockchain: Novel Provenance Applications – Kristen Busch – last updated – 4/12/22 – Congressional Research Service (CRS)
  • Technology Assessment: Blockchain Emerging Technology Offers Benefits for Some Applications but Faces Challenges – March 2022 – General Accounting Office
  • Framework for “Investment Contract” Analysis of Digital Assets – Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC)
  • Blockchain: Background and Policy Issues, by Chris Jaikaran – 2/28/18 – CRS
  • Beyond Bitcoin: Emerging Applications for Blockchain Technology, by Chris Jaikaran – 2/14/18 – CRS
  • What is blockchain? – Euromoney
    
  • Making sense of bitcoin, cryptocurrency and blockchain – PwC
  • What is a smart contract? – National Law Review

Non-Financial Blockchain Applications

• • Blockchain Technology and Agriculture, by Genevieve K. Croft – 5/12/21 – Congressional Research Service (CRS)
  • Bitcoin, Blockchain, and the Energy Sector, by Corrie E. Clark and Heather L. Greenley – 8/9/19 – CRS
  • Blockchain and International Trade, by Rachel F. Fefer – 6/25/19 – CRS
  • 7 uses for blockchain that have nothing to do with Bitcoin – AICPA

Digital Wallets

• • Digital Wallets and Selected Policy Issues – Paul Tierno, Andrew P. Scott – 4/18/22 – CRS
  • What is a crypto wallet? – Coinbase

NFT  (Non-Fungible Token)

• • The Metaverse: Concepts and Issues for Congress – 8/26/22 – CRS
  • Non-Fungible Tokens (NFTs) – 7/20/22 – CRS
  • Digital Assets and SEC Regulation, by Eva Su – 6/23/21 – Congressional Research Service (CRS)
  • Pandemics, Payments, and (Digital) Property [Archived], by Andrew P. Scott – 3/10/21 – CRS
  • What is an NFT? – Forbes
    
  • What is the Metaverse? – Wired
  • Building The Metaverse Responsibly – Meta

CBDC (Central Bank Digital Currency)

• • Financial Innovation: Central Bank Digital Currencies, by Marc Labonte, Rebecca M. Nelson, and David W. Perkins – 3/20/20 – Congressional Research Service (CRS)
  • The U.S. Dollar as the World’s Dominant Reserve Currency – Rebecca Nelson,James Jackson, Martin Weiss – CRS
  • Project Hamilton Phase 1 Executive Summary – Boston Fed and MIT

• Cryptocurrency

• • Recent Cryptocurrency Developments: Energy and Environmental Implications – 12/15/22 – CRS
  • SEC Jurisdiction and Perceived Crypto-Asset Regulatory Gap: An FTX Case Study – 11/29/22 – CRS
  • What Happened at FTX and What Does It Mean for Crypto? – 11/17/22 – CRS
  • Fact Sheet: What the Public Needs to Know About FDIC Deposit Insurance and Crypto Companies – 7/28/22 – FDIC
  • How the Lummis-Gillibrand Responsible Financial Innovation Act (S. 4356) Would Alter the Crypto Regulatory Landscape – 7/22/22 – CRS
  • Cryptocurrency in 401(k) Retirement Plans – 7/1/22 – CRS
  • Stablecoins: Legal Issues and Regulatory Options (Part 1) – 6/9/22 – CRS
  • Russia Sanctions and Cryptocurrencies: Policy Issues – 5/26/22 – CRS
  • Russian Sanctions and Cryptocurrency – 5/4/22 – CRS
  • Algorithmic Stablecoins and the TerraUSD Crash – 5/9/22 – CRS
  • Cryptocurrency Legislation 2022 – 2022 – National Conference of State Legislatures
  • Decentralized Finance (DeFi) and Financial Services Disintermediation [Archived]: Policy Challenges, by Eva Su – 7/28/21 – Congressional Research Service (CRS)
  • Telegraphs, Steamships, and Virtual Currency: An Analysis of Money Transmitter Regulation, by Andrew P. Scott – 8/20/20 – CRS
  • Virtual Currencies and Money Laundering: Legal Background, Enforcement Actions, and Legislative Proposals, by Jay B. Sykes and Nicole Vanatko – 4/3/19 – CRS
  • International Approaches to Digital Currencies, by Rebecca M. Nelson – 12/19/18 – CRS
  • CRS Legal Sidebar, CFTC and Virtual Currencies: New Court Rulings and Implications for Congress, by Nicole Vanatko – 12/6/18  – CRS
  • Financial Innovation: Digital Assets and Initial Coin Offerings, by Eva Su – 10/17/18 – CRS
  • Digital Currencies: Sanctions Evasion Risks, by Rebecca M. Nelson and Liana W. Rosen – 2/8/18 – CRS
  • Bitcoin: Questions, Answers, and Analysis of Legal Issues, by Edward V. Murphy and M. Maureen Murphy – 12/2/15 – CRS
  • Cryptocurrency 101 – CoinCenter
  • Ethereum Guide for Beginners – CoinTelegraph
  • What is Bitcoin – Investopedia
  • How the Cryptocurrency Market is Connected to the Financial Market – SSRN

Web3

• • Web3: A Proposed Blockchain-Based, Decentralized Web – 4/1/22 – CRS
  • What is Web3? – Harvard Business Review
  • What Is Web 3 and Why Is Everyone Talking About It? – CoinDesk

Related to Blockchain Topics

• • Federal Reserve: Policy Issues in the 118th Congress – 1/6/23 – CRS
  • Introduction to Financial Services: Derivatives – 1/5/23 – CRS
  • Introduction to Financial Services: Financial Cybersecurity – 1/5/23 – CRS
  • Digital Assets and Illicit Finance: E.O. 14067 and Recent Anti-Money Laundering Developments – 10/26/22 – CRS
  • Federal Reserve: Master Accounts and the Payment System – 10/12/22 – CRS
  • Crypto Assets and Property of the Bankruptcy Estate: An Analysis – 9/28/22 – CRS
  • The U.S. Dollar as the World’s Dominant Reserve Currency – 9/19/22 – CRS
  • El Salvador: In Brief – Clare Seelke, Joshua Klein – 4/29/22 – Congressional Research Service (CRS)
  • Overview of Correspondent Banking and “De-Risking” Issues, Rena S. Miller – 4/8/22 – CRS
  • U.S. Efforts to Combat Money Laundering, Terrorist Financing, and Other Illicit Financial Threats: An Overview, Rena Miller,Liana Rosen – 1/4/22 – CRS
  • De-Dollarization Efforts in China and Russia, Rebecca Nelson, Karen Sutter – 7/23/21 – CRS
  • International Financial Messaging Systems, by Liana Wong and Rebecca M. Nelson – 7/19/21 – CRS
  • The Potential Decline of Cash Usage and Related Implications, David Perkins – 5/10/19 – CRS

Fintech

• • Financial Innovation: Reducing Fintech Regulatory Uncertainty, by David W. Perkins, Cheryl R. Cooper, and Eva Su – 4/25/19 – Congressional Research Service (CRS)
  • Financial Innovation: “Fintech”, by David Perkins – 11/23/16 – CRS
  • Fintech: Overview of Innovative Financial Technology and Selected Policy Issues, Various – 4/28/20 – CRS

Status Reports

• • All Reports in Response to Executive Order 14067 on Digital Assets – last updated 10/6/22 – blockchain tipsheet
  • The 2022 State of Crypto Report – Andreessen Horowitz (a16z)
    
  • State of Ethereum | Q1 2022 – Bankless
  • State of U.S. Crypto 2021 – Gemini
  • Economic Well-Being of U.S. Households in 2021 – Federal Reserve
  • Money and Payments: The U.S.Dollar in the Age of Digital Transformation (PDF – January 2022) – Federal Reserve

Associations, Foundations and Non-Profits

• • Bitcoin.org
  • Blockchain Association
  • CoinCenter
  • Crypto Council for Innovation
  • Chamber of Digital Commerce
  • Ethereum.org
  • Ethereum Foundation
  • Filecoin Foundation
  • Global Blockchain Business Council